I-HFBR-782BZ Izingxenye zoqobo ze-elekthronikhi ezintsha HFBR-782BZ

Izimfanelo Zomkhiqizo

Amadokhumenti Nemidiya

Izigaba Zemvelo Nokuthekelisa

Izinsiza Ezengeziwe

I-Fiber optics, futhi i-spelled fibre optics, iisayensikweukudlulisaidatha, izwi, nemifanekiso ngokudlula kokukhanya emicupheni emincane, ekhanyelayo.Kuezokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optic cishe sebuthathe indawoithusiucingo phakathiindlela ende ucingoimigqa, futhi isetshenziselwa ukuxhumanisaamakhompyuthangaphakathiamanethiwekhi wendawo.I-Fiberopticsfuthi isisekelo se-fiberscopes esetshenziswa ekuhloleni izingxenye zangaphakathi zomzimba (i-endoscopy) noma ukuhlola ingaphakathi lemikhiqizo yesakhiwo.

Indawo eyisisekelo ye-fiber optics iyi-fiber enezinwele ezacile ngezinye izikhathi eyenziwa ngayoipulasitikikodwa izikhathi eziningiingilazi.I-glass optical fiber evamile inobubanzi obuyi-125 micrometres (μm), noma 0.125 mm (0.005 intshi).Lokhu empeleni ububanzi be-cladding, noma ungqimba olubonisayo lwangaphandle.I-core, noma isilinda sokudlulisa ngaphakathi, singase sibe nobubanzi obuncane obungu-10μm.Ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthiukucabangisisa kwangaphakathi okuphelele,ukukhanyaimisebe ikhanya ku-fiber cansabalalisangaphakathi kwamabanga amade ngokuncishiswa okuncane ngokuphawulekayo, noma ukuncipha kokuqina.Izinga lokuncipha ngebanga liyahlukahluka kuye ngobude begagasi bokukhanya kanye neukwakhekakwe-fiber.

Lapho imicu yengilazi yedizayini ewumgogodla/yokuvala yethulwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, ukuba khona kokungcola kwakhawulela ukuqashwa kwabo ubude obufushane obanele be-endoscopy.Ngo-1966, onjiniyela bakagesiCharles KaonoGeorge Hockham, abasebenza eNgilandi, basikisela ukusebenzisa imicu ukuzeezokuxhumana, futhi phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabilii-silicaimicu yengilazi yayikhiqizwa ngobumsulwa obanele ukuthii-infraredizimpawu zokukhanya zingahamba kuzo amakhilomitha angu-100 (60 miles) noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokuba zithuthukiswe abantu abaphindayo.Ngo-2009 uKao waklonyeliswa ngendondoUmklomelo weNobelkuPhysics ngomsebenzi wakhe.Imicu yepulasitiki, ngokuvamile eyenziwe nge-polymethylmethacrylate,i-polystyrene, nomai-polycarbonate, ashibhile ukukhiqiza futhi avumelana nezimo kunemicu yengilazi, kodwa ukuncishiswa kwawo okukhulu kokukhanya kukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezixhumanisini ezimfushane kakhulu ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo nomaizimoto.

I-Optical telecommunication ivamise ukuqhutshwa ngei-infraredukukhanya kububanzi be-wavelength obungu-0.8–0.9 μm noma 1.3–1.6 μm—amaza amaza akhiqizwa ngokuphumelelayoama-diode akhipha ukukhanyanomai-semiconductor ama-laserfuthi lokho kuncipha kancane emicu yengilazi.Ukuhlolwa kwe-fiberscope ku-endoscopy noma embonini kwenziwa ngamaza abonakalayo, inqwaba yemicu isetshenziselwakhanyisaindawo ehloliwe enokukhanya nenye inyanda esebenza njengendeilensiyokudlulisa isithombe ku-iso lomuntunoma ikhamera yevidiyo.

Izamukeli ze-Fiber optic ziguqula amasignali okukhanya abe amasignali kagesi ukuze asetshenziswe imishini efana namanethiwekhi ekhompyutha.Lawa madivaysi e-electro-optical ahlanganisa umtshina obonayo, iamplifier enomsindo ophansi, kanye nesekhethi ye-signal conditioning.Ngemva kokuba umtshina obonayo uguqule isignali ye-optical engenayo ibe isignali kagesi, i-amplifier iyayinyusa ibe sezingeni elifanele ukucubungula isignali eyengeziwe.Uhlobo lokuguquguquka kanye nezidingo zokuphuma kukagesi zinquma ukuthi iyiphi enye indawo edingekayo.

Izamukeli ze-Fiber optic zisebenzisa ukuhlangana okunegethivu (i-PN), ama-photodiodes e-positive-intrinsic negative (PIN), noma ama-avalanche photodiodes (APD) njengezitholi zokubona.Isignali yokukhanya engenayo ithunyelwa i-fiber optic transmitter (noma i-transceiver) futhi ihamba ngentambo yokubona yemodi eyodwa noma yemodi eminingi, kuye ngamakhono wedivayisi.Idemoduli yedatha iguqula isignali yokukhanya ibuyele esimweni sayo sangempela sikagesi.Ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-fiber optic, izingxenye ze-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) nazo ziyasetshenziswa.

Ama-semiconductors nama-Photodiode

Isizindalwazi se-Engineering360 SpecSearch sivumela abathengi bezimboni ukuthi bakhethe imikhiqizo ngohlobo lwe-semiconductor kanye nohlobo lwe-photodiode.Izinhlobo ezimbili zama-semiconductors zisetshenziswa kuma-fiber optic receivers.

Ama-semiconductors e-Silicon asetshenziswa kubamukeli be-wavelength emifushane enobubanzi obusuka ku-400 nm kuye ku-1100 nm.

Ama-semiconductors e-Indidium gallium arsenide asetshenziswa kumazamukeli amaza amaza amade anebanga lama-900 nm kuya ku-1700 nm.

Njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, izamukeli ze-fiber optic zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zama-photodiode.

Ukuhlangana kwe-PN kwakhiwa emngceleni we-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P kanye nohlobo lwe-N, ngokuvamile ku-crystal eyodwa nge-doping.

Ama-PIN photodiode anendawo enkulu, ene-doped intrinsic region ephakathi nendawo ye-P-doped kanye ne-N-doped semiconducting.

Ama-APD ama-PIN photodiode akhethekile asebenza ngamavolthemu aphezulu ahlehlayo wokuchema.

Ama-Amplifaya nezixhumi

Izamukeli ze-Fiber optic zisebenzisa i-low-impedance noma i-transimpedance amplifiers.

Ngamadivayisi ane-impedance ephansi, umkhawulokudonsa nomsindo womamukeli wehla ngokumelana.

Ngamadivayisi we-trans-impedance, i-bandwidth yomamukeli ithintwa ukuzuza kwe-amplifier.

Ngokuvamile, izamukeli ze-fiber optic zihlanganisa i-adaptha ekhiphekayo ukuze kuxhunywe kwamanye amadivaysi.Izinketho zifaka i-D4, i-MTP, i-MT-RJ, i-MU, ne-SC

Ukusebenza Komamukeli

Uma usebenzisa i-Engineering360 ukuthola imikhiqizo, abathengi kufanele bacacise le mingcele yokusebenza kwesamukeli se-fiber optic.

Izinga ledatha inombolo yamabhithi adluliswa ngomzuzwana, futhi iwukubonakaliswa kwesivinini.

Isikhathi sokukhuphuka komamukeli siwukubonakaliswa kwesivinini, kodwa sibonisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze isignali ishintshe isuka emandleni ashiwo angu-10% iye ku-90%.

Ukuzwela kubonisa isignali ye-optical ebuthaka kakhulu engatholwa idivayisi.

Ibanga elinamandla lihlobene nokuzwela, kodwa libonisa ububanzi bamandla idivayisi esebenza phezu kwayo.

Ukuziphendulela isilinganiso samandla akhazimulayo kuma-watts (W) kuya kumphumela we-photocurrent kuma-ampere (A).