IPD068P03L3G insizakalo entsha yoqobo ye-Electronic Components IC chip MCU BOM isevisi esitokweni IPD068P03L3G

Izimfanelo Zomkhiqizo

Amadokhumenti Nemidiya

Izigaba Zemvelo Nokuthekelisa

Izinsiza Ezengeziwe

I-Transistor

I-transistor iyi-aidivayisi ye-semiconductorwawuvamisekhulisanomashintshaamasignali kagesi kanyeamandla.I-transistor ingenye yezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zesimanjeelectronics.[1]Yakhiwaimpahla ye-semiconductor, ngokuvamile nabathathuamatheminaliukuze kuxhunywe isekethe ye-elekthronikhi.Ai-voltagenomaokwamanjeesetshenziswa kupheya eyodwa yamatheminali e-transistor ilawula i-current ngenye ipheya yamatheminali.Ngenxa yokuthi amandla alawulwayo (okukhiphayo) angaba phezulu kunamandla okulawula (okokufaka), i-transistor ingakhulisa isignali.Amanye ama-transistors apakishwa ngawodwana, kodwa amaningi atholakala eshumekwe kuwoizifunda ezihlanganisiwe.

I-Austria-Hungary isazi sesayensi yemvelo UJulius Edgar Lilienfelduphakamise umqondo wokuthi ai-transistor ye-field-effectngo-1926, kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ukwakha idivayisi esebenzayo ngaleso sikhathi.[2]Umshini wokuqala osebenzayo owawuzokwakhiwa kwakuyi-i-point-contact transistoryasungulwa ngo-1947 yizazi zefiziksi zaseMelikaUJohn BardeenfuthiWalter Brattainngenkathi usebenza ngaphansiUWilliam ShockleykweBell Labs.Bobathathu bahlanganyela ngo-1956Umklomelo KaNobel kuPhysicsimpumelelo yabo.[3]Uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-transistor yi-metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET), eyasungulwa nguMohamed AtallafuthiDawon KahngeBell Labs ngo-1959.[4][5][6]Ama-Transistors aguqule umkhakha we-electronics, futhi avula indlela encane futhi eshibhileimisakazo,izibali, futhiamakhompyutha, phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Ama-transistors amaningi enziwe ahlanzekile kakhului-silicon, futhi abanye kusukelai-germanium, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa ezinye izinto ze-semiconductor.I-transistor ingaba nohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwesithwali sokushaja, ku-transistor enemiphumela yasendle, noma ingaba nezinhlobo ezimbili zezinkampani zokushajai-bipolar junction transistoramadivaysi.Uma kuqhathaniswa nei-vacuum tube, ama-transistors ngokuvamile mancane futhi adinga amandla amancane ukuze asebenze.Amashubhu athile evacuum anezinzuzo ngaphezu kwama-transistors kumaza okusebenza aphezulu kakhulu noma ama-voltage aphezulu okusebenza.Izinhlobo eziningi zama-transistors zenziwa ekucacisweni okujwayelekile ngabakhiqizi abaningi.