I-LFE5U-25F-6BG256C – Imibuthano Ehlanganisiwe, Eshumekiwe, Ama-FPGA (I-Field Programmable Gate Array)

Ama-FPGA

Yethula:
I-Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) ivele njengobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile ekwakhiweni kwesekethe yedijithali.Lezi zifunda ezididiyelwe ezihlelekayo zinikeza abaklami ukuguquguquka okungakaze kubonwe kanye namakhono okwenza ngokwezifiso.Kulesi sihloko, singena emhlabeni wama-FPGA, sihlola ukwakheka kwawo, izinzuzo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo.Ngokuqonda amandla namandla wama-FPGA, singaqonda ukuthi bawuguqule kanjani umkhakha womklamo wesekethe yedijithali.

Isakhiwo nomsebenzi:
Ama-FPGA amasekhethi edijithali angalungiseka kabusha akhiwe ngamabhulokhi anengqondo ahlelekayo, ukuxhumeka, namabhulokhi okufakwayo/okuphumayo (I/O).Lawa mabhulokhi angahlelwa kusetshenziswa ulimi oluchaza ihadiwe (i-HDL) njenge-VHDL noma i-Verilog, okuvumela umklami ukuthi acacise umsebenzi wesekethe.Amabhulokhi anengqondo angalungiselelwa ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene, njengezibalo ze-arithmetic noma imisebenzi enengqondo, ngokuhlela ithebula lokubheka (LUT) ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi enengqondo.Izixhumanisi zisebenza njengezindlela ezixhumanisa amabhulokhi enengqondo ahlukene, enze kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwawo.Imojula ye-I/O inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo samadivayisi angaphandle ukuze ahlanganyele ne-FPGA.Lesi sakhiwo esivumelana nezimo kakhulu senza abaklami bakwazi ukwakha amasekhethi edijithali ayinkimbinkimbi angashintshwa kalula noma ahlelwe kabusha.

Izinzuzo zama-FPGAs:
Inzuzo enkulu yama-FPGA wukuguquguquka kwawo.Ngokungafani namasekhethi ahlanganisiwe aqondene nohlelo lokusebenza (ama-ASIC), anezintambo eziqinile ukuze enze imisebenzi ethile, ama-FPGA angahlelwa kabusha njengoba kudingeka.Lokhu kuvumela abaklami ukuthi benze i-prototype ngokushesha, bahlole futhi baguqule amasekhethi ngaphandle kwezindleko zokudala i-ASIC yangokwezifiso.Ama-FPGA aphinde ahlinzeke ngemijikelezo emifushane yentuthuko, enciphisa isikhathi sokuya emakethe kumasistimu kagesi ayinkimbinkimbi.Ukwengeza, ama-FPGA ahambisana kakhulu ngokwemvelo, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa ngekhompuyutha ezifana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukubethelwa kwedatha, kanye nokucubungula isignali ngesikhathi sangempela.Ukwengeza, ama-FPGA angonga kakhulu amandla kunamaphrosesa enhloso evamile ngoba angenziwa ngendlela efanele ukuze avumelane nokusebenza okufunayo, kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungadingekile.

Izicelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene:
Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo, ama-FPGA asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.Kwezokuxhumana, ama-FPGA asetshenziswa eziteshini eziyisisekelo namarutha enethiwekhi ukuze kucutshungulwe idatha enesivinini esikhulu, kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka kwedatha, kanye nokweseka inethiwekhi echazwe yisoftware.Ezinhlelweni zezimoto, ama-FPGA anika amandla izici zokusiza abashayeli ezithuthukisiwe njengokugwema ukushayisana nokulawula ukuvakasha kohambo.Zibuye zisetshenziswe ekucubunguleni izithombe ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuxilonga nokuqapha isiguli emishinini yezokwelapha.Ukwengeza, ama-FPGA ayingxenye ye-aerospace nezinhlelo zokuvikela, amasistimu e-radar anamandla, ama-avionics, nokuxhumana okuvikelekile.Ukuguquguquka kwayo nezici zokusebenza ezivelele kwenza i-FPGA ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu emikhakheni eyahlukene.

Izinselelo nezikhombisi-ndlela zesikhathi esizayo:
Nakuba ama-FPGA anezinzuzo eziningi, aphinde aveze ezawo izinselelo.Inqubo yokuklama ye-FPGA ingaba yinkimbinkimbi, idinga ubungcweti nobungcweti ekuchazeni ihadiwe izilimi nezakhiwo ze-FPGA.Ukwengeza, ama-FPGA asebenzisa amandla amaningi kunama-ASIC ngenkathi enza umsebenzi ofanayo.Nokho, ucwaningo nentuthuko eqhubekayo ibhekana nalezi zinselele.Amathuluzi amasha kanye nezindlela ziyathuthukiswa ukuze kube lula ukuklama kwe-FPGA nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, ama-FPGA kulindeleke ukuthi abe namandla kakhulu, asebenzise amandla kakhudlwana, futhi atholakale kubaklami abahlukahlukene.

Ekuphetheni:
I-Field Programmable Gate Arrays ishintshe inkambu yomklamo wesifunda sedijithali.Ukuguquguquka kwazo, ukuhleleka kabusha kanye nokuguquguquka kwazo kuzenza zibaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.Kusukela kwezokuxhumana kuya kwezezimoto kanye ne-aerospace, ama-FPGA anika amandla ukusebenza okuthuthukile nokusebenza okuphakeme.Naphezu kwezinselele, inqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo ithembisa ukuzinqoba futhi ithuthukise amakhono kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalawa madivaysi amangalisayo.Ngokukhula kwesidingo sezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingokwezifiso, ama-FPGA ngokungangabazeki azodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lomklamo wesekethe yedijithali.