Njengabantu abalwa kanzima, abantu baseRussia banezinkolelo-ze eziningi ezithandekayo noma amaphupho ngezimoto ezincane ngokumangalisayo.
Isibonelo, banegama lesilwane esifuywayo elihlukile lemoto yabo.Kuthiwa lo mkhuba ukubiza ihhashi, ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamagama amaningi ahlukile "ukugwinya", ngesiko lesiRashiya kuwuphawu lothando, impilo enhle;
Ngemva kokuthenga entshaimoto, amaRussia azophinde awise amaconsi ambalwa e-champagne emotweni yokuqala yokugeza imoto;Amapuleti elayisensi yesiRashiya akhiwe izinombolo ezi-3 nezinhlamvu ezi-3, amaShayina afana no-6, amaRussia acabanga ukuthi kuyishwa, athanda u-1, 3, 7.
Abantu baseRussia bakholelwa ukuthi ukudonsa kwezinyoni efasiteleni elingaphambili kuletha inhlanhla, kodwa esiqwini kusho ukulahlekelwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaseRussia akufanele bathi "ukushintsha imoto entsha" emotweni, bacabanga ukuthi imoto endala izodabukisa ukuzwa.
Ngakho-ke abantu baseRussia abahlanya ngezimoto, ngemuva kokubhekana nezijeziso zaseNtshonalanga empini phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, impilo kuthiwa ayishintshile kakhulu, kepha izinkampani zezimoto zaseNtshonalanga zishiye iRussia, amaRussia afuna ukuthenga imoto anezinqumo ezimbalwa.
Ngonyaka odlule, njengoba izinga lokushintshaniswa kwama-ruble seliqinile, abantu baseRussia bake baqhuma bathenga izimoto zabo ezithandwayo zaseJapane ezisetshenziswa, eziphuka kalula futhi ezishibhile;Kulo nyaka, emakethe yezimoto entsha, izimoto ezivela eChina, kanye nokukhula okusheshayo kokuthengiswa, kukhulise kakhulu isabelo sazo semakethe.
Abezindaba baseRussia abagunyaziwe babike ukuthi ngoJanuwari 2022, isabelo sezimoto zaseShayina emakethe yaseRussia sasingu-9%, futhi ekupheleni kukaDisemba, senyuke safinyelela ku-37%.Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2023, izimoto zaseShayina zathengisa amayunithi angu-168,000 emakethe yaseRussia, izikhathi ezine ngesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, ngaphezu kokuthengiswa konyaka ngo-2022, kanti isabelo semakethe sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-46%, kanti izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina zibalwe. ukuthola izihlalo eziyisithupha ekuthengisweni kwezimoto ezintsha eziyishumi.
Ngokubuka kwezinkampani zezimoto zaseNtshonalanga, izimoto zaseShayina zibambe imakethe engenalutho ngemuva kokuhlehla;Emehlweni kwabanye abantu baseRussia, izimoto zaseChina, ezake zabukelwa phansi, azithengeki.
Okokuqala, isiRashiyaimakethe yezimotoesetshenziswa ukuvuna izimoto ezikhiqizwa eRussia, Europe naseNingizimu Korea
Isibalo sezimoto eRussia ngo-2022 singu-53.5 million, sikleliswe endaweni yesine emhlabeni ngemuva kweChina (302 million), United States (283 million) neJapan (79.1 million).
Emakethe yezimoto entsha, kwathengiswa amayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-1.66 ngo-2021, ngaphambi nje kwempi yaseRussia-Ukraine, ikleliswe endaweni yesibili eYurophu ngemuva kweJalimane (amayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-2.87 ngo-2022), i-United Kingdom (amayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-1.89 ngo-2022), kanye neFrance ( amayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-1.87 ngo-2022).Ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha eRussia kwehle kwaba ngamayunithi angama-680,000, okwathintwa kakhulu unswinyo lwempi kanye nokuhoxiswa kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, ngakho-ke idatha ye-2022 ayilusizo kakhulu ukwahlulela amandla ale makethe.
Ngokuqondene nesakhiwo sokuthengisa semakethe yezimoto, izinkampani zezimoto zakwamanye amazwe emakethe yokuthengisa yaseRussia zibalelwe ngaphezu kuka-60%, kanti izinkampani zezimoto zasendaweni zaseRussia emakethe yokuthengisa yaseRussia zibalelwa ku-30%.Umdayisi omkhulu wemikhiqizo yendawo yiLada (eyasungulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1960s).IVolkswagen, Kia, Hyundai, kanye neRenault yizona ezidayisa kakhulu ezimakethe zangaphandle (izilinganiso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngonyaka).
Imakethe engahle ibe yimbi, enomsindo wesibhamu ngoFebhuwari 24, 2022, imboni yezimoto yaseRussia ibe noshintsho kungazelelwe.Izinkampani zezimoto ezingaphezu kuka-15 zamazwe ngamazwe sezihoxile eRussia.
IRenault yokuqala (ngoMeyi nyakenye), yalandelwa yiToyota yaseJapan, yamemezela ukuphela komsebenzi wokukhiqiza eSt. Petersburg, eRussia, ngoSepthemba 23 ngonyaka odlule.Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala izimali ezinkulu kakhulu eRussia, ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-200, iVolkswagen nayo yathatha isinyathelo sokuthengisa amasheya nezimboni kubathengisi bendawo.Inkampani yaseNingizimu Korea iHyundai Motor isidayise imboni yayo yaseRussia.
Ngo-2021, abantu abangu-300,000 baqashwe abakhiqizi bezimoto baseRussia, futhi abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.5 baqashwe ezimbonini ezihlobene nomfula kanye nezansi nomfula.Isibalo sabantu abaqashiwe eRussia siyizigidi ezingama-72.3.Imboni yezimoto yenza cishe amaphesenti amahlanu omsebenzi usuwonke.
Usuku lapho imboni yezimoto ivalwa khona kusho ukuthi abasebenzi bangase balahlekelwe yimisebenzi.Ukuqinisekisa ukuqashwa kusho ukuqinisekisa uzinzo.Lokhu ukuphikelela kwabantu bendawo.
Ngenxa yalokho, imakethe yezimoto yaseRussia inefasitela elingenalutho.
Okwesibili, isiRashiyaokuzenzakalelayoizinkampani ukuze zizisindise, ngemuva kokumangala kwezinkampani zezimoto zaseChina
NgoNovemba odlule, lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-Moskvich kuqala futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-20 ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa, iMeya yaseMoscow u-Anatoly Sobyanin yajabula kakhulu, yakubiza ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa okungokomlando komkhiqizo.AbakwaReuters baphinde babika ukuthi "amaMuscovites ayaphila!"
IMuscovite Automobile Factory yasungulwa ngesikhathi samaSoviet (1930) futhi yathatha isikhundla esiphambili embonini yezimoto yangaphambili yaseSoviet ngeminyaka yawo-1970 kanye nama-1980s.Bekukade kungenye yezintandokazi zaseRussia.
Kodwa uthando lujulile futhi ukuwa kubi kakhulu.Ngemuva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ngo-1991, iMuscovite yaqala ukwenziwa ezizimele yabe isingenamali, ngaphambi kokuthi itholwe yi-Avtoframos ngo-2007, okuyibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe phakathi kwaRenault nedolobha laseMoscow.
Kungani iMoscow icabange ngokuzumayo ukuvuselela uhlobo oluneminyaka engu-20 ubudala?Okunye okukholakala ukuthi kulokhu kuhoxiswa kwezinkampani zezimoto zakwamanye amazwe ukuqashwa kabusha kwabasebenzi ezinkampanini zomshwalense wezimoto sekuyinto ehamba phambili.
Ephethe ukukhiqiza iMuscovite, iyifa elashiywa ngabakwaRenault, “ababaleka” ngaphambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe ngoMeyi wonyaka odlule.
AbakwaRenault bamemezele ukuhoxa kwabo emakethe yaseRussia ngoMeyi nyakenye.Kwashiya amafa amabili.
Okokuqala, ithengise ingxenye yayo engu-68% ku-AvtoVAZ (inkampani enkulu yezimoto yaseRussia, eyasungulwa ngo-1962) ku-NAMI, isikhungo sikazwelonke sobunjiniyela bezimoto saseRussia, nge-ruble engu-1 engokomfanekiso (i-NAMI isungule izimoto zikanokusho zabaholi baseRussia abalandelanayo, okuhlanganisa noMongameli wamanje uVladimir Putin) .Kodwa isitshalo saso sincane kakhulu kunesitshalo se-Avtovaz.)
Enye imboni ayishiya eMoscow.Lapho kunqunywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe lesi sitshalo ukuze kuphinde kugcwaliswe amaMuscovites, imeya yaseMoscow, uSergei Sobyanin, yamemezela kubhulogi yakhe: “Ngo-2022, sizovula ikhasi elisha emlandweni wamaMuscovites.”
Kodwa amazwi anesibindi ashaywa ngokushesha ebusweni."IRussia isungule umshini wesikhathi ovumela izwe ukuthi lihambe ngesikhathi, kodwa libuyele eSoviet Union kuphela."
Kamuva, ukukhala komphakathi kwaba kukhulu nakakhulu, ngoba abantu baseMoscow bathola ukuthi abantu baseMoscow abanikezwe umsebenzi wokuvuselela kanye nemoto yokuqala eyakhiqizwa ngemva kokuvuselelwa kabusha kwakungeyona imodeli yasekhaya, kodwa kusukela empumalanga ekude - i-JAC JS4 ngemva kokukhiqizwa kabusha. ukuguqulwa kwelebula.
Ngenxa yokuthi imboni yezimoto yaseRussia ayinalo ikhono lokukhiqiza nokuzicwaninga, uxhaxha lwamazwe ngamazwe oluthembele kakhulu kulo luvunyelwe ngemuva kokugqashuka kwengxabano yaseRussia ne-Ukraine, okwenze imboni yezimoto yaseRussia, engacebile, okubi kakhulu.
Ngemva kokutholwa kwemboni yakwaRenault, uhulumeni waseRussia wayidlulisela kuKamaz (Karma Auto Works), inkampani yezimoto ekhiqiza amaloli asindayo.Umthwalo wemfanelo wokuvuselela uhlobo lwezimoto kazwelonke wawunzima kakhulu, ngoba uKamaz wayengazi ukuthi zingakhiqiza kanjani izimoto zabagibeli ezihambisana nenkathi yanamuhla.
Iyodwa kuphela indlela yokuthi ibheke ukubambisana nezinkampani zezimoto ezingakhiqiza izimoto zabagibeli.Ngalesi sikhathi, ozakwabo baseNtshonalanga bonke babaleka, futhi kwasala abalingani baseMpumalanga kuphela.
UKamath wacabanga ngomngane wakhe omdala, i-JAC Motors, eyayibambisene ekuthuthukisweni kwamaloli.Akusekho umngane ofanele.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba, imodeli yokuqala ye-Muscovite ngemva kokuqaliswa kabusha kokukhiqizwa, i-Moskvich 3, i-SUV encane, ehlinzeka ngezinguqulo zikagesi nezihlanzekile.Kodwa ngokwezindaba zeReuters, umklamo, ubunjiniyela kanye nesiteji salo modeli kuvela ku-JAC JS4, ngisho nekhodi yezingxenye zemoto yombukiso ibuye ibe nelebula le-JAC.
Ngaphezu kwe-Jianghuai Automobile emenywe ukubambisana, esikhathini sakamuva, ezinye izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina nazo seziphenduke izivakashi zaseRussia.
Idatha ye-Autostat ye-ejensi yaseRussia yokuhlaziya imakethe yezimoto ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-Agasti 2023, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zaseRussia bekungamayunithi ayi-109,700, kwathi ukuthengiswa okungu-5 okuphezulu kwaba yiLada (umkhiqizo wezimoto waseRussia) amayunithi angama-28,700, amayunithi weChery 13,400, amayunithi ayi-10,900, iGeely amayunithi 8,300. 6,800 amayunithi.
Olunye ulwazi lubonisa ukuthi onyakeni odlule, izitolo ezintsha zezimoto zaseShayina ezingu-487 eRussia, futhi okwamanje, oyedwa kwabathathu abadayisa izimoto uthengisa izimoto zamaShayina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2023