E

1.

Umsebenzi wesiguquli

Isiguquli idivayisi eguqula isignali ibe enye isignali.Isiginali iwuhlobo noma umthwali wolwazi okhona, futhi ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezizenzakalelayo nezinhlelo zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo, isiginali ivamise ukuguqulwa ibe enye isiginali eqhathaniswa nenani elijwayelekile noma eliyisithenjwa ukuze kuxhunywe izinhlobo ezimbili zezinsimbi, ukuze isiguquli ngokuvamile siyisixhumanisi esiphakathi phakathi kwezinsimbi ezimbili (noma amadivaysi).

2.

Usebenza kanjani ama-converter we-buck

Isiguquli sebhaka siwukunikezwa kwamandla kwemodi yokushintsha, ikilasi ledivayisi equkethe iswishi (imvamisa i-MOSFET) ukuze uvule futhi uvale isekethe ngokushesha, lokhu kushintsha okusheshayo kukhiqiza igagasi lesikwele, uma umjikelezo womsebenzi weswishi usethelwe ukuze 50%, okusho ukuthi ukushintsha ku-50% wesikhathi, i-voltage evamile izoba ngu-50% wokufakwayo.

Igagasi lesikwele lidinga ukwenziwa bushelelezi ukuze linikeze amandla awusizo futhi ngokuvamile ama-inductors nama-capacitor asetshenziswa ochungechungeni ukufeza lo msebenzi.Le nhlanganisela yaziwa ngokuthi isihlungi se-LC low-pass, lapho izici ze-inductor zibushelelezi zamanje futhi i-capacitor imelana nokushintsha okungazelelwe ku-voltage.Umthelela ohlangene ukhiqiza ukuphuma kwe-voltage okushelelayo nge-ripple ephansi.Isibonelo, uma i-voltage yokufaka ingu-10V futhi iswishi isebenzisa umjikelezo womsebenzi ongu-50%, i-voltage ephumayo izoba ngu-5V.

Enye ingxenye edingekayo yesiguquli se-buck yi-diode noma enye inkinobho exhunywe ngokuhambisana ne-inductor.Lokhu kungukunxephezela umsebenzi we-inductor, lapho i-current in inductor ayikwazi ukuguqulwa ngokushesha, ivikela amashubhu okuguqula emonakalweni ngokulayishwa ngokweqile.

Isiguquli sebhaka siqukethe nokujikeleza okwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-voltage ephumayo ezinzile.Isiguquli sisebenzisa isikimu sokulawula iluphu evaliwe enempendulo engemihle ukuze siqaphe ukuphuma kwamandla kagesi futhi silungise ngokuguquguqukayo umjikelezo womsebenzi wamaswishi ukuze ulawule i-voltage ephumayo.

3.

Dizayina okucatshangelwayo kwabaguquli bemali

iziguquli zebhaka zisebenza kahle kakhulu, kanti amanye amadivaysi azuza ukusebenza kahle okungaphezu kwama-95%.

iziguquli zebhaki zingabizi kakhulu kunezilawuli zomugqa kumazinga aphezulu wamandla, lapho izindleko zokupholisa zesilawuli somugqa zingase zibe ngaphansi kunezindleko zokusebenzisa isiguquli sembabala.

okukhiphayo kwesiguquli sembabala kuqukethe umsindo, okusho ukuthi okukhiphayo kwesilawuli somugqa kuzinzile futhi kuzifanele kangcono izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga umsindo ophumayo omncane

abalawuli bomugqa bangaphendula ngokushesha ekushintsheni okokufaka nokukhiphayo uma kuqhathaniswa neziguquli zemali.