Mangaki ama-chips asemotweni?

Mangaki ama-chips asemotweni?Noma, mangaki amashidi imoto ewadingayo?

Eqinisweni, kunzima ukuphendula.Ngoba kuncike ekuklanyweni kwemoto ngokwayo.Imoto ngayinye idinga inombolo ehlukile yama-chips, ambalwa ukuya kwamakhulu, afika ezinkulungwaneni noma izinkulungwane zama-chips.Ngokuthuthuka kobuhlakani bezimoto, izinhlobo zama-chips nazo zikhuphuke zisuka ku-40 zaya ezingaphezu kuka-150.

Ama-chips ezimoto, njengobuchopho bomuntu, angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu ngomsebenzi: ikhompyutha, ukubona, ukwenza, ukuxhumana, ukugcinwa kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla.

Okunye ukuhlukaniswa, kungahlukaniswa nge-chip yokulawula, i-computing chip, i-sensing chip, i-chip yokuxhumana,inkumbulo chip, i-chip yokuphepha, i-chip yamandla,chip yomshayeli, i-chip yokuphatha amandla izigaba eziyisishiyagalolunye.

Izigaba eziyisishiyagalolunye ze-auto chip:

1. I-chip yokulawula:I-MCU, SOC

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuqonda i-automotive electronics ukuqonda iyunithi yokulawula kagesi.I-ECU kungathiwa ikhompyutha egxilile elawula izinhlelo ezinkulu zemoto.Phakathi kwabo, i-MCU ebhodini ingabizwa ngokuthi ubuchopho bekhompyutha ye-ECU yemoto, enesibopho sokubala nokucubungula ulwazi oluhlukahlukene.

Ngokuvamile, i-ECU emotweni inesibopho somsebenzi ohlukile, ofakwe i-MCU, ngokusho kwe-Deppon Securities.Kungase futhi kube nezimo lapho i-ECU eyodwa ifakwe ama-MCUS amabili.

I-MCUS yenza cishe u-30% yenani lemishini yokulinganisa esetshenziswa emotweni, futhi kudingeka okungenani angu-70 ngemoto ngayinyengaphezu kwe-MCU chip.

2. I-Computing chip: CPU, GPU

I-CPU imvamisa iyisikhungo sokulawula ku-chip ye-SoC.Inzuzo yayo isekuhleleni, ekuphatheni nasekuhlanganiseni ikhono.Kodwa-ke, i-CPU inamayunithi ekhompuyutha ambalwa futhi ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nenani elikhulu lemisebenzi elula efanayo yekhompyutha.Ngakho-ke, i-chip ye-SoC yokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuvamile idinga ukuhlanganisa i-Xpus eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ngaphezu kwe-CPU ukuze kuqedelwe ukubala kwe-AI.

3. I-chip yamandla: I-IGBT, i-silicon carbide, amandla e-MOSFET

I-semiconductor yamandla iwumgogodla wokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokulawulwa kwesekethe kumishini kagesi, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukushintsha i-voltage nemvamisa kumadivayisi kagesi, ukuguqulwa kwe-DC kanye ne-AC.

Uma sithatha amandla e-MOSFET njengesibonelo, ngokwedatha, ezimotweni zikaphethiloli ezijwayelekile, inani le-MOSFET ene-voltage ephansi ngemoto ngayinye lilinganiselwa ku-100. Ezimotweni ezisebenza ngamandla amasha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-avareji yamandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo kanye naphezulu i-MOSFET ngemoto ngayinye yenyukile yaba ngaphezulu. kunama-200. Ngokuzayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-MOSFET ngemoto ngayinye kumamodeli aphakathi nendawo nasezingeni eliphezulu kulindeleke ukuthi kunyuke kuye ku-400.

4. I-chip yokuxhumana: iselula, i-WLAN, i-LIN, i-V2X eqondile, i-UWB, i-CAN, i-satellite positioning, i-NFC, i-Bluetooth, i-ETC, i-Ethernet nokunye;

I-chip yokuxhumana ingahlukaniswa ibe ukuxhumana kwezintambo nokuxhumana okungenantambo.

Ukuxhumana ngezintambo kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekudluliselweni kwedatha okuhlukahlukene phakathi kwemishini esemotweni.

Ukuxhumana okungenantambo kungabona ukuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nemoto, imoto nabantu, imoto nezinto zokusebenza, imoto nendawo ezungezile.

Phakathi kwazo, inani lama-transceivers e-can likhulu, ngokusho kwedatha yemboni, isilinganiso se-CAN/LIN se-transceiver yemoto okungenani singu-70-80, kanti ezinye izimoto zokusebenza zingafinyelela ngaphezu kwe-100, noma ngisho nangaphezu kuka-200.

5. I-Memory chip: I-DRAM, NOR FLASH, EEPROM, SRAM, NAND FLASH

I-memory chip yemoto isetshenziswa kakhulu ukugcina izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene nedatha yemoto.

Ngokwesinqumo senkampani ye-semiconductor eSouth Korea ngesidingo se-DRAM yezimoto zokushayela ezihlakaniphile, imoto ilinganiselwa ukuthi inesidingo esiphezulu se-DRAM/NAND Flash esifika ku-151GB/2TB, ngokulandelana, kanye nesigaba sokubonisa kanye ne-ADAS ezizimele. uhlelo lokushayela lusebenzisa kakhulu ama-memory chips.

6. I-chip yamandla/ye-Analog: I-SBC, isiphetho sangaphambili se-analog, i-DC/DC, i-digital isolation, i-DC/AC

I-analog chip iyibhuloho elixhumanisa umhlaba wangempela ongokoqobo nomhlaba wedijithali, ikakhulukazi ibhekisela kumjikelezo we-analogi owakhiwe ukumelana, i-capacitor, i-transistor, njll. ehlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kucutshungulwe amasignali efomu asebenzayo e-analog (njengomsindo, ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa, njll. .) Isifunda esihlanganisiwe.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Oppenheimer, amasekethe e-analog enza u-29% wama-chips ezimoto, lapho u-53% wawo ama-signal chain cores kanye no-47% ama-chips okuphatha amandla.

7. I-chip yomshayeli: umshayeli ohlangothini oluphezulu, umshayeli oseceleni ophansi, i-LED/ isibonisi, umshayeli wezinga lesango, ibhuloho, abanye abashayeli, njll.

Ohlelweni lwe-elekthronikhi yezimoto, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokushayela umthwalo: i-low side drive kanye ne-high side drive.

Amadrayivu aphezulu avame ukusetshenziselwa izihlalo, izibani, namafeni.

Amadrayivu aseceleni aphansi asetshenziselwa izinjini, izifudumezi, njll.

Uma sithatha imoto ezimele e-United States njengesibonelo, isilawuli somzimba wangaphambili kuphela esilungiselelwa ama-chips angu-21 aphezulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemoto kudlula ama-35.

8. I-sensor chip: i-ultrasonic, isithombe, izwi, i-laser, ukuhamba kwe-inertial, igagasi lemilimitha, izigxivizo zeminwe, i-infrared, i-voltage, izinga lokushisa, lamanje, umswakama, isikhundla, ingcindezi.

Izinzwa zezimoto zingahlukaniswa zibe izinzwa zomzimba nezinzwa zemvelo.

Ekusebenzeni kwemoto, inzwa yemoto ingaqoqa isimo somzimba (njengezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, indawo, isivinini, njll.) kanye nolwazi lwezemvelo, futhi iguqule ulwazi oluqoqiwe lube amasignali kagesi ukuze ludluliselwe eyunithi yokulawula emaphakathi ye- imoto.

Ngokusho kwedatha, imoto ehlakaniphile yokushayela i-level 2 kulindeleke ukuthi ithwale izinzwa eziyisithupha, kanti imoto ye-L5 kulindeleke ukuthi ithwale izinzwa ezingu-32.

9. I-chip yokuphepha: I-T-Box/V2X security chip, eSIM/eSAM security chip

I-chip yezokuphepha yezimoto iwuhlobo lwesekethe edidiyelwe ene-cryptographic algorithm edidiyelwe yangaphakathi kanye nomklamo omelene nokuhlasela ngokomzimba.

Namuhla, ngokuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwezimoto ezihlakaniphile, inani lemishini kagesi emotweni lizokhula nakanjani, futhi liqhutshwa ukukhula kwenani lama-chips.

Ngokwemininingwane ehlinzekwe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, inani lama-chips emoto adingekayo ezimotweni zikaphethiloli zendabuko ngu-600-700, inani lama-chips emoto adingekayo ezimotweni zikagesi lizokhuphuka lifinyelele ku-1600 / imoto, kanye nesidingo sama-chips. izimoto ezihlakaniphile ezithuthuke kakhulu kulindeleke ukuthi zikhuphuke ziye ku-3000 / imoto.

Kungashiwo ukuthi le moto yesimanje ifana nekhompiyutha ewubhazabhaza we-wheels.