Izimfanelo Zomkhiqizo

Kungani i-chip yemoto ingenawo ama-core tide ukuze ithwale kanzima?

Kusukela esimweni samanje somhlaba wonke sokuhlinzekwa kwe-chip kanye nesimo sokufunwa, inkinga yokushoda kwama-chip kunzima ukuyixazulula esikhathini esifushane, futhi izoba namandla, futhi ama-chips ezimoto yiwona athwala kanzima.Ihlukaniswa nama-chips e-elekthronikhi yabathengi, ama-chips ezimoto asetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje, ubunzima bayo bokucubungula buphezulu, isibili ngemuva kwebanga lezempi, futhi impilo yama-chips ebanga lezimoto ngokuvamile kufanele ifinyelele eminyakeni eyi-15 noma ngaphezulu, isitshalo sokusingatha inkampani yezimoto kuma-chips ezimoto akhethiwe. , futhi ngeke ishintshwe kalula.

Kusukela esikalini semakethe, isikali se-semiconductor yezimoto emhlabeni wonke ngo-2020 sicishe sibe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-46, sibalwa cishe amaphesenti ayi-12 emakethe ye-semiconductor iyonke, encane kunokuxhumana (okuhlanganisa nama-smartphone), ama-PC, njll... Nokho, ngokwezinga lokukhula, i-IC Insights ilindele izinga lokukhula kwe-semiconductor yezimoto emhlabeni wonke elingaba ngu-14% ngo-2016-2021, okuholela izinga lokukhula kuzo zonke izingxenye zemboni.

I-chip yezimoto iphinde ihlukaniswe yaba yi-MCU, IGBT, MOSFET, inzwa, nezinye izingxenye ze-semiconductor.Ezimotweni ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli, i-MCU ifinyelela ku-23% yenani levolumu.Ezimotweni ezihlanzekile zikagesi, i-MCU yenza u-11% yenani ngemva kwe-IGBT, i-chip ye-semiconductor yamandla.

Njengoba ungabona, abadlali abayinhloko ku-chip yezimoto zomhlaba wonke bahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: abenzi be-chip bezimoto bendabuko kanye nabenzi bama-chip abathengi.Ngokwezinga elikhulu, izenzo zaleli qembu labakhiqizi zizobamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwezinkampani zezimoto ezingemuva.Kodwa-ke, ezikhathini zamuva nje, laba bakhiqizi bamakhanda bathintwa izehlakalo ezahlukahlukene ezithinte ukunikezwa kwama-chips, okuholela ngokuhambisanayo ekuphenduleni kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kanye nokungalingani kwesidingo kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni.

Ngomhla zi-5 kuLwezi wonyaka odlule, kulandela isinqumo sabaphathi be-STMicroelectronics (ST) sokungabaniki abasebenzi ukukhushulwa kweholo kulo nyaka, izinyunyana ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ST yaseFrance, i-CAD, i-CFDT, ne-CGT, zaqala isiteleka kuzo zonke izitshalo zase-French ST.Isizathu sokwenyuka okungakhokhelwa sasihlobene ne-New Coronavirus, ubhubhane olubi kakhulu eYurophu ngoMashi kulo nyaka, futhi ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwabasebenzi mayelana nokuthola inkontileka ye-New Coronavirus, i-ST yafinyelela isivumelwano ne-French fabs ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwefekthri. ngo-50%.Ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi kubangele izindleko eziphakeme zokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Infineon, i-NXP ngenxa yomthelela wegagasi elibanda kakhulu lase-United States, imboni yama-chip ese-Austin, eTexas, ukuze iqedele ukuvala;ifektri ye-Renesas Electronics Naka (i-Hitachi Naka City, I-Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan) umlilo obangele umonakalo omkhulu endaweni eyonakele umugqa wokukhiqiza we-semiconductor wafer we-12-intshi ophezulu, ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko kwama-microprocessors ukulawula ukushayela imoto.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungathatha izinsuku eziyi-100 ukuthi okukhiphayo kwe-chip kubuyele kumazinga angaphambi komlilo.